tyltr技术窝

1.环境说明#

2.安装#

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tar xzvf  ngx_openresty-1.7.10.1.tar.gz
cd  ngx_openresty-1.7.10.1
# 使用brew安装依赖，
# 在本版本的mac上，把依赖安装到了/usr/local/opt/下了，在编译时指定的依赖路径就是依赖安装的目录
brew install pcre openssl

# 编译 --with-cc-opt  --with-ld-opt  依赖的路径
# --prefix    指定openresty的安装目录
# -j4  表示使用4核cup去执行编译工作
./configure \
   --with-cc-opt="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include/ -I/usr/local/opt/pcre/include/" \
   --with-ld-opt="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/ -L/usr/local/opt/pcre/lib/" \
   --prefix=/opt/openresty \
   -j4

make  -j4 
sudo make  install

进入openresty的安装目录

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cd /opt/openresty

ls
# 查看目录结构,四个目录
# bin    luajit     lualib     nginx

# 启动openresty，即启动其NGINX
sudo /opt/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -c  /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -p /opt/openresty/nginx

可访问80端口进行验证，或者使用 ps -ef | grep nginx 进行验证

3. 简单的lua文件 hello world#

在编写lua文件时，建议使用 sublime 进行编写。

打开目录 /opt/openresty/nginx

默认NGINX的配置，本机配置文件 /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 

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#user  nobody;

# 只启动一个worker进程
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

新建一个location，指定lua脚本 

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#user  nobody;

# 只启动一个worker进程
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        
        # 新增 hello 路径，通过content_by_lua_file，指定一个lua脚本
        # 一旦用户请求/hello, nginx就会运行 lua/hello.lua 脚本
        location /hello {
            content_by_lua_file    lua/hello.lua;
        }
        
        

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

在nginx目录下，新建 lua目录，并且在 lua目录中创建 hello.lua

nginx

  • conf
    • fastcgi.conf
    • fastcgi.conf.default
    • fastcgi_params
    • fastcgi_params.default
    • koi-utf
    • koi-win
    • mime.types
    • mime.types.default
    • nginx.conf
    • nginx.conf.default
    • scgi_params
    • scgi_params.default
    • uwsgi_params
    • uwsgi_params.default
    • win-utf
  • logs
    • access.log
    • error.log
    • nginx.pid
  • lua
    • hello.lua
      ……..

配置文件修改了，需要重新加载。

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sudo  /opt/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -c  /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -p /opt/openresty/nginx   -s  reload

执行 curl localhost:80/hello 进行验证lua脚本

4.注意#

4.1 热加载lua脚本#

在上面的操作的中，可以看到 每次更改文件都需要重新reload。太麻烦了！

在开发调试时，希望有一种自动加载的机制，每次修改后都自动加载。可以通过配置解决这个问题

需要 /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 文件中server添加配置 lua_code_cache off; 即可实现 

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server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
    
    lua_code_cache off;

    #charset koi8-r;
    
    ......

但是只能在开发环境中，这样(*lua_code_cache off *)配置。在线上环境中，一定要开启，否则会影响性能。

重新加载配置文件，会提示性能警告： 

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nginx: [alert] lua_code_cache is off; this will hurt performance in /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:38

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